OKI Electric Industry is a Japanese electronics company that was formed by Mr Kibataro Oki in 1881. It entered the mobile phone marketplace in 1975 when it started to develop car telephones in partnership with Bell Labs of the USA.

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OKI manufactured the first telephone in Japan in 1881, and now specializes not only in developing and manufacturing telecommunication equipment but also in information products and mechatronics products, such as Automated teller machine (ATMs) and printers. Its printer business is operated through OKI Data, under the brand name OKI.
OKI, a Japanese company, was one of the pioneers of mobile telephones, working with Bell Laboratories in the 70s. However, its first product for the UK market did not arrive until in 1989. The OKI CDL700E was launched with a huge advertising campaign in 1989 by Martin Dawes Communications, which formed an exclusive link with the OKI brand.

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The mobile phone owes its existence to the success of the mobile car telephone service. However, a major limitation on the expansion and further development of the car telephone service was the availability of radio spectrum. This was solved by DH Ring and WR Young who in December 1947 published a Bell Laboratories’ article entitled Mobile Telephony – Wide Area Coverage. Here they proposed the concept of a cellular network in which the country is divided up into small regions called cells, managed by radio base stations, in which the allocated radio frequencies could be re-used time and time again throughout the network, provided that no two adjacent cells used the same frequency. It did of course mean that as a person moves within the network so their telephone call needs to be passed from one cell to another, with the frequency being used having to be changed. Nevertheless, the concept of frequency re-use overcame the radio spectrum limitations of the car telephone service and heralded the arrival of the mobile phone.

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It was not until 1974 when the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the USA released part of the radio frequency spectrum that the first experimental cellular communication could take place. In 1977 Illinois Bell, the AT&T operating company for Chicago, installed the first cellular telephone network comprising 10 radio base stations, each of which managed a single cell meaning that the overall network comprised just 10 cells. The success of this network would see the development of the American Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) in 1983. This system used the frequencies 824-849 MHz for transmission from the mobile and 869-894 MHz for transmission from the cell's base station. Within these frequency bands, each voice call was allocated a 30 kHz analogue radio channel using frequency division multiple access to allocate the frequencies and to ensure that no two calls would choose the same frequency.

In Europe, mobile phone development was led by the Scandinavian countries, collectively creating the Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT) network which was launched in Sweden and Norway in 1981 and Denmark and Finland in 1982. The first NMT network was based on 450 MHz and hence became known as NMT-450 and this was followed in 1986 by a second network that used the 890-960 MHz frequency band and became known as NMT-900.

The UK Government announced in 1982 that two licences would be offered for the provision of mobile phone network services. One of these licences was to be awarded to British Telecom working in partnership with Securicor which resulted in the creation of Cellnet and the second was opened up for competitive bids. The successful bidder for this second licence was Vodafone (VOice and DAta over the teleFONE), a joint venture between Racal Electronics and Millicom. Both of these networks adopted a version of the AMPS system which became known as the Total Access Communication System (TACS). Initially the UK Government announced that they had reserved two 25MHz frequency bands for TACS namely, 890-915MHz and 935-960MHz however, only 15 MHz of these channels was actually released. Therefore, the TACs system used 890-905MHz for transmission from the mobile and 935-950MHz for transmission from the cell's base station giving it a capacity of 600 x 25kHz channels. Vodafone was the first UK network to launch when Comedian Ernie Wise made a mobile telephone call from St Katherine's Dock in London to Vodafone's offices in Newbury on the 1st January 1985. Cellnet launched shortly afterwards on 7th January 1985; its network was centred on a single base station at BT Tower that provided coverage for the whole of Greater London.

The Governments of Europe had agreed that 10MHz of bandwidth would be reserved for the next generation of pan-European mobile phone services. Within the UK this equated to the upper 10MHz of the TACs bands and so these frequencies would never be made available for analogue networks. However, the growth in mobile phone usage had reached such a level, especially in London, that the network operators were running out of capacity. Therefore additional frequencies were released at the lower end of the existing TACs band. These frequencies had previously been allocated for military applications and were released to the mobile phone operators in August 1986. The addition of these extra frequencies extended TACs into ETACS which now used 872-905MHz for transmission from the mobile and 917-950MHz for transmission from the cell's base station thereby increasing capacity to 1320 x 25 kHz channels.

All of these first generation mobile networks used analogue transmission techniques in which voice signals are not encrypted during a telephone call. This meant that someone with an appropriate radio receiver could tune in and listen to calls and, equally, the speech quality was highly variable.

The first mobile phones were a direct development from the car telephone units; they were dominated by large, heavy battery packs and had s separate handset connected via a length of curly wire. Motorola, with their strong history in radio telecommunications, were especially influential in these early days and truly revolutionised the industry with the launch of what many regard as the first true mobile phone, the DynaTAC 8000. This was followed by the world's first flip phone, the Motorola MicroTAC which further revolutionised and miniaturised the mobile phone. These early days also saw Finnish company, Nokia, establish themselves as the world's second largest mobile phone manufacturer behind Motorola. The first ten years in the history of the mobile phone saw a massive advancement in performance and usability. At the start of the mobile revolution a typical mobile weighed 4.5kg and required a carrying handle; by 1995 mobiles weighed 250g and could fit inside a shirt pocket. Owning a mobile however, was expensive which meant that companies marketed the mobile to the business community showing the benefits of always being in contact with the office or your customers. For example, the Motorola DynaTAC 8000X cost £2,500 to purchase. On top of this you had a monthly contract fee with your mobile phone network provider and had to pay call charges too, calculated on a per minute basis. Even by the mid 1990s prices remained high. Connecting to the BT Cellnet network required you to pay a one-off connection charge of £50, a monthly contract fee of £55 with calls charged at 23p per minute during the peak times of Monday-Saturday 09:00 to 22:00 or 12p per minute at all other times. No wonder that call timers became a standard feature of mobile phones!

By the end of 1986 there were 100,000 mobile phone subscribers within the UK which doubled to 200,000 by the summer of 1987 and by the end of 1995, 7% of the UK population owned a mobile phone. The mobile phone also started to become accepted as part of society with companies seeking to showcase their models in feature films such as 20th Century Fox's Wall Street and television programmes such as the BBC's Only Fools and Horses.

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Yet, despite all of the advances made in terms of weight, miniaturisation and battery life, a mobile phone in 1995 was designed to provide the same basic function as the first models that were released